Instead of orbiting Earth, this telescope will orbit the Sun from a point beyond the Moon. The Webb is an infrared telescope that will be larger than Hubble and will be able to see through clouds and dust in space. Meanwhile, NASA and its international partners are preparing the James Webb Space Telescope. The telescope will not be repaired or upgraded again, but it is still working. Hubble was upgraded so that it is better than ever. Since the telescope’s launch, five space shuttle missions have carried astronauts to Hubble to repair and upgrade it. Engineers designed Hubble so that it could be repaired and upgraded as needed. NICMOS helps scientists study how stars, galaxies and planetary systems form. It captures images and it is also a spectrograph. The Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer, or NICMOS, sees objects in deep space by sensing the heat they emit. It also has been used to detect black holes. The Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph helps scientists determine the temperature, chemical composition, density and motion of objects in space. This spectrograph studies how galaxies, stars and planets formed and changed. The Cosmic Origins Spectrograph reads ultraviolet light. These images have helped scientists study some of the earliest activity in the universe. The Advanced Camera for Surveys captures images of large areas of space. Near-ultraviolet and near- infrared are just beyond what our eyes can see. But Hubble can only see each kind of light one at a time. The camera can see three different kinds of light: near-ultraviolet, visible and near- infrared. It studies everything from the formation of distant galaxies to the planets in the solar system. The Wide Field Camera 3 is Hubble’s main camera. A spectrograph is an instrument that splits light into its individual wavelengths. Hubble has five scientific instruments which include cameras and spectrographs. Each instrument has a different way of interpreting the light. From there, the light shines to Hubble’s scientific instruments. The secondary mirror focuses the light back through a hole in the primary mirror. The light bounces off the primary mirror to the secondary mirror. The mirror can collect about 40,000 times more light than the human eye. Once the target is acquired, Hubble’s primary mirror collects light. The telescope can lock onto a target that is one mile away without moving more than the width of a human hair. The Fine Guidance Sensors are part of the Pointing Control System and aim Hubble in the right direction. What Instruments Are on Hubble?Īs Hubble orbits Earth, the Fine Guidance Sensors lock onto stars. This led to the big-bang theory, which says that the universe began with an intense burst of energy and has been expanding ever since. His work helped show that the universe is expanding. He showed that the galaxy containing the solar system - the Milky Way - was only one of many galaxies. He made important discoveries in the early 1900s. Hubble is named after an American astronomer, Edwin P. Hubble orbits above Earth’s atmosphere, which gives it a better view of the universe than telescopes have at ground level. What Makes Hubble Different From Telescopes on Earth?Įarth’s atmosphere alters and blocks the light that comes from space. Scientists have learned a lot about the universe from these pictures. These include detailed pictures of the birth and death of stars, galaxies billions of light years away, and comet pieces crashing into Jupiter’s atmosphere. Hubble has made more than one million observations. Hubble takes sharp pictures of objects in the sky such as planets, stars and galaxies. Hubble travels about 5 miles per second: That is like traveling from the eastern coast of the United States to the western coast in 10 minutes. It is the length of a large school bus and weighs as much as two adult elephants. Hubble orbits about 547 kilometers (340 miles) above Earth. It was launched into orbit by space shuttle Discovery on April 24, 1990. The Hubble Space Telescope is a large telescope in space.
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